老年人睡眠行为流行病学调查

Sleep behavior of the urban elderly: a cross-sectional study

目的 探讨老年人睡眠行为的特点。方法 以年龄在 6 5岁及以上的山东省城市老年人为研究对象 ,采用分层整群随机抽样的方法 ,对 2 0 0 3位老年人进行了调查。调查工具包括睡眠行为与睡眠质量评定量表 (SBQS)以及一般项目调查表。全部资料用SAS软件包进行统计分析。结果 资料完整者 180 5人 (调查应答率为 90 .1% ) ,其中男性 85 8人 ,女性 94 7人。老年人一般晚 9时半左右上床 ,入睡时间需要半小时左右 ,早上 5时 4 0分左右起床 ,每晚睡眠 7小时零 10分钟左右。有近 1/ 2的男性和 1/ 3的女性有午睡习惯。入睡困难、睡眠维持困难和早醒者分别占 19.6 %、2 0 .8%和 5 .0 %。 2 .8%的老年人睡眠时相提前。结论 老年人的睡眠行为具有自身的特点 ,需要针对这些特点采取应对措施 ,以提高老年人的睡眠质量。

Objective To investigate the sleep behavior of urban elderly of Shandong Province. Method A cross sectional study was conducted among a representative sample of 2003 elderly people (aged 65 years and over) with a response rate of 90.1%(male: 858, female: 947). Sleep behavior and Quality Scale (SBQS) and general information questionnaire were evaluated by trained interviewers. Results The elderly people usually went to bed around 9:30pm and took half an hour to fall asleep. They usually got up around 5:40am, and maintained a 7 hour sleep duration. Almost 1/ 2 of the males and 1/ 3 of the females took naps during daytime. Difficulties falling asleepiness were reported by 5.0% of subjects, difficulties maintaining nocturnal sleep 20.8%, and Early morning awakening19.6%. 2.8%of the elderly experienced advanced circadian rhythm changes. Conclusion The aged persons have their own characteristics in their sleep. In order to improve their sleep quality, adequate attitude and coping measures should be taken by themselves.