干预后人群预防心脑血管病的知识和行为变化

Changes of both knowledge levels and health-related behaviors of preventing cardio-cerebro-vascular diseases in population after intervention

在北京、上海和长沙三城市社区开展预防心脑血管病综合性干预 ,按类试验设计评价其对社区人群知识、态度、行为 (KAB)水平和健康相关行为影响。结果显示 ,与基线 1992年相比 ,1995、1997、2 0 0 0年KAB水平均分净提高 9 89、4 74和 10 6 6分。统计学上均有显著意义。 6个健康相关行为中 ,关心保健知识、受保健知识影响以及经常体育锻炼等行为变化最明显 ,其次是淡盐饮食 ,对吸烟、饮酒行为影响不大。不同目标人群 ,女性好于男性 ,家务或退休在家优于在职 ,高血压好于正常血压。随年龄升高和文化程度降低 ,健康教育的绝对和相对效益均增高。表明以健康教育为主的综合性干预能提高人群预防心脑血管病的KAB水平和健康相关行为 。

Comprehensive intervention measures for preventing cardio cerebro vascular diseases of community population were carried out in Beijing, Shanghai and Changsha urban areas, and then was evaluated to its effects on knowledge, attitude and behavior (KAB) levels and health related behaviors of population by quasi trial designation. Results showed that the net KAB leveling were separately 9.89 in 1995, 4 74 in 1997 and 10 66 in 2000 in comparison with base investigation, and statistically significant difference was found. Of 6 health related behaviors, caring to health knowledge, being influenced by health knowledge and exercising were significantly influenced, next controlling salt consumption. No change of smoking and alcohol drinking was found. Among different target population, these changes among women were higher than man as well as at home or retired than at work, and hypertension than normtension. As aging and education time decreasing, both absolute and relative effects of health education were better. It suggests that comprehensive intervention with health education as its main measure promote KAB levels and transfer health related behaviors of population. It is great important to preventing cardio cerebro vascular diseases of community population.