我国大麦醇溶蛋白多肽的多态性研究

The Polymorphism of Horde in Polypeptides of Barley in China

对22个省的大麦农家品种487份和3个近缘野生种的10份材料,应用SDS-PAGE、IEF及双向电泳(IEF、SDS-PAGE)进行了醇溶蛋白多肽多态性的研究,主要结果如下:(1)B醇溶蛋白多肽多态性十分显著。经SDS-PAGE可分出16种带型,归为α、β、γ、ω四组,不同的多肽带型中间也有一些多肽是共有的;(2)5种带型的地理分布表明,具有同种带型的品种分布于一定的地理区域;各区域品种所具有带型类型的数目虽然不同,但表现出一定的趋向,这种趋向似与大麦进化和生态区域有关;(3)近缘野生大麦的带型有的与农家品种带型相似,有的则相异;但一些农家品种的带型在供试近缘野生种中还未找到与之相近的带型;(4)初步讨论了醇溶蛋白多肽多态性在品种鉴定上的应用和作为栽培大麦生态区域划分辅助手段的可能性。

The hordein polymorphism in 487 indigenous varieties and 10 wild close relatives of culti-vated barley from 22 provinces In China were analysed by SDS-PAGE, IEF and wo-dimen-sional (IEF followed by SDS-PAGE) electrophoresis. The principal results obtained are as follows: 1. The B hordein polypeptide patterns could be divide in to 4 distinct classes (α, α, γ, ω), 16 subclasses, each of them contained different number of patterns. Although the range of variation in the B region was great, some bands were commonly associated to give recognizable polypeptide patterns which may be present in a number of varieties. 2. On the basis of B banding patterns, it is of great use for varietal identification of barley, especially combined with C hordein variation. 3. Relationship between five banding patterns and their geographical distrbutions was studied. It was found that the special pattern was distributed in a special region, and the number of patterns located in one region differed from another one. However, there were some trends which related to evolution. 4. In comparison with the ecological division of barley varieties in China proposed by some authors, the distribution of B hordein patterns in present stady shows some concidence, but there are several differences, particularly in Heilongjian Province and Yunnan Province may be further subdivided. Therefore, B hordein polypeptide pattern technique may be applied as an additional tool for dividing the barley ecotype.