八倍体小偃麦染色体组分析

Genome Analysis of Octoploid Tritielytrigia Types

本文对普通小麦与长穗偃麦草(Elytrigia elongata=Agropyron elongatum.2n=70)杂交选育出来的5个八倍体小偃麦的染色体组进行了研究。通过八倍体小偃麦与普通小麦杂交,八倍体小偃麦相互间杂交,观察了杂种F_1花粉母细胞减数分裂行为。根据观察结果,讨论了长穗偃麦草染色体组的构成,认为长穗偃麦草的染色体组为E_1E_2F_2F_2N较为合适。在此基础上,确定了5个八倍体小偃麦的染色体组:7430为ABDE_1,68为ABDF_1,693为ABDF_1,7631为ABDF_2,784为ABDN。另外,还讨论了八倍体小偃麦染色组的重组问题。

The genomes of octoploid Tritielytrigio (OTE) types, 7430, 68, 693, 7631 and 784, developed from the hybridization between Triticum aestivum and Elytrigia elongaia (Agropyron elongatum, 2n = 70) have been studied. The chromosome behavior of the meiosis at Ml of the hybrids between every 2 of 5 OTE types and between every one of the hybrids with Tr. aestivum was observed. According to the results of the observation, it is appropriate to assign the genome of E. elongaia to E1E3F1F2N. The genomes of OTE types, 7430, 68, 693, 7631 and 784, were assigned to ABDE1, ABDE2, ABDF1, ABDF2 and ABDN respectively. Besides, genome reorganization of OTE types was discussed.