青年毛泽东的精神文化决定论思想

Spiritual and Cultural Determinism in Mao Zedong's Youth

毛泽东继承中国文化历来重视精神作用的传统观念 ,接受了严复、谭嗣同、梁启超、杨昌济等人的思想影响 ,形成了精神文化决定论的思想特点。他提倡“开民智”说和“立志”说。他认为可以通过改造哲学和伦理学 ,树立“真志” ,达到“新民”的目的 ,新民产生了 ,就可以建设新社会新国家。这种思想体现了新文化运动中涤荡封建主义旧思想、旧道德的时代要求 ,然而 。

Mao Zedong carried on Chinese traditional cultural ideas with emphasis on the power of the inner spirit and formed the thought of spiritual and cultural determinism in his youth under the influence of Yan Fu, Tan Sitong, Liang Qichao, Yang Cangji and etc. He advocated the doctrines of 'Opening People's Mind'and 'Being Firmly Determined.' He believed that through the reform of philosophy and moral principles 'genuine aspirations' could be established to attain the objective of 'transtorming the people' and build up a new society and new country. This idea embodies the demand of the age to wipe out the feudal thoughts and old moral principles in the New Cultural Movement. However, it was still an idealistic view of history that could hardly stand firm with its head on end.