上海市打浦路隧道内空气悬浮颗粒物的分析及其诱发的人体外周血淋巴细胞染色体畸变效应

Detemination of the TSP in Da Pu tunnel of Shanghai and study on its chromosome aberration effect for human peripheral blood lymphocytes

目的 :测定隧道中空气总悬浮颗粒物 (TSP)的元素含量 ,探讨隧道中空气颗粒污染物对人外周血淋巴细胞染色体畸变的诱导作用。方法 :以日本汽车尾气标准物质 (NIES-8)为对照 ,使用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法 (ICP-AES)分析了上海市打浦路隧道中 TSP在生理盐水中的可溶和不可溶成分 ;采用颗料物的生理盐水提取物对人血细胞染毒 ,分析所诱导的淋巴细胞染色体的畸变。结果 :在实验条件下 ,隧道空气中 TSP和 NIES-8的可溶出大多数无机成分<1 0 % ;用隧道中大气颗粒物和 NIES-8汽车尾气颗粒物的可溶成分染毒后均能诱发外周血淋巴细胞染色体畸变 ,与对照组相比 ,双着丝粒体、断片和畸变细胞均有统计学差异 (P<0 .0 0 5 )。结论 :隧道空气中的 TSP能诱发人血淋巴细胞的染色体畸变。

Objective:To investigate the elemental composition of the total supended particulate(TSP)collected from the Da Pu tunnel in Shanghai,and the chromosome aberration effect for human peripheral blood lymphocytes induced by such air pollutants.Methods:Dissolved by normal saline,the collected TSP and an vehicle exhaust particulate standard(NIES 8)samples were divided into the soluble and insoluble portions.ICP was applied to analyze the elemental contents of all of these portions.Studies on the chromosome aberration in human peripheral blood lymphocytes induced by the soluble portions were carried out.Results:Under the experimental conditions,only<10% were soluble in tunnel TSP and NIES 8 samples.The chromosome aberrations were observed in groups exposed by these soluble portions.Compared with the controls,significant differences were found at fragment,dicentric and interchange chromosome aberration after exposure(P<0.005).Conclusion:The air particulate pollutants in tunnel showed significant induction of chromosome aberration for human peripheral blood lymphocytes.