不同强度训练后大鼠脊髓前角细胞线粒体的定量研究

Quantitative Study of the Ultrastructure of Spinal Cord Anterior Horn Cells after Endurance Training with Different Intensities in Rats

目的 :研究不同强度耐力训练对大鼠脊髓前角细胞线粒体超微结构的不同影响 ,探讨适合神经系统发展的最佳训练强度。方法 :2 4只雄性SD大鼠随机分为 4组 ,即对照组、小强度运动组、大强度运动组、大强度运动力竭组各 6只。训练后对各组大鼠脊髓前角细胞线粒体进行电镜观测并用体视学方法做定量分析。结果 :各训练组脊髓前角细胞线粒体数量增多 ,嵴多而致密 ,基质电子密度增高。但大强度运动力竭组出现线粒体嵴断裂、空泡变 ,甚至线粒体裂解现象。体视学测量结果表明 ,各训练组与对照组之间以及各训练组之间线粒体Vv、Sv、Nv、δ均发生不同程度的改变。结论 :不同强度耐力训练可引起大鼠脊髓前角细胞线粒体形态结构的不同改变 ,小强度运动训练通过线粒体形状改变和膜面积增加即可达到能量代谢的需求 ;大强度运动可引起线粒体的总体积、数量及膜面积等形态结构发生适应性代偿 ,为有效的训练强度 ;大强度力竭运动则可引起线粒体形态结构的不可逆损害 ,不利于机体健康。

Objective To investigate the ultrastructure changes of the spinal cord anterior horn cells after different intensity endurance training, gain the best training intensity for the development of neurosystem. Methods Twenty four male SD rats were divided into four groups, the control, lower intensity, high intensity and exhaustive exercise. The ultrastructure of anterior horn cells was studied by using the morphometric method. Results Under the electron microscope,all the training groups have an increasing in number,matrix density and crest of mitochondria,but there were the crest cracking,bullae changes and fracturing of mitochondria in exhaustive group. The morphometric shows the parameter Vv, Sv, Nv, δ have different changes between the control group and training groups,and there were different changes among the training groups. Conclusion The different intensitive swimming training can cause different ultrastructure changes in spinal cord anterior horn. The mitochondria can adapt the development only by changing the shape and increasing the surface after lower intensity training.After high intensitive training, the mitochondria have the most compensation in total number, volume and surface, so it is the most effective training intensity. After exhaustive training, some mitochondria have been damaged unreversibly, it is unfavorable to the development of the body.