内蒙古流动沙丘恢复疏林草地植被治理技术研究

STUDY ON MOVING DUNE CONTROLLING AND RECOVERING SPARSE WOOD GRASSLAND VEGETATION

在科尔沁沙地的天然植被中 ,疏林草地是最稳定 ,也是分布面积比较大的植被类型。因此 ,流动沙丘恢复为疏林草地植被 ,是适应自然规律 ,投入少见效快的治理方式。试验表明 ,在 350mm左右降水量地区 ,对沙丘首先进行围封 ,促进自然植被恢复 ,借助风力 ,削平沙丘顶部 ,降低沙丘高度。同时 ,进行人工喷播灌木和人工栽植乔灌木树种。经过 4～ 5年 ,人工栽植的乔木树种覆盖度达到 1 0 % ,天然更新的小叶杨、家榆等的覆盖率也达 1 0 % ,人工喷播的灌木达到 2 0 % ,天然草本植物的覆盖度由 1 5% ,增加到 60 %。流动沙丘基本稳定 。

Sparse wood grassland is the most stable vegetation type vast spreaded in Keerqin sand land.Experiment showed,after closing moving dune to promote natural recovery of vegetation,and artificially sowing shrub species and planting shrub and arbor,after 4～5 yeas,the forest cover rate is up to 10% for artificial planting arbor trees,and for natural regeneration of Populus simonii and elm also is 10%.Man made sowing of shrub species is up to 20%.The cover rate of natural herbs increases from 15% to 60%,Moving dune is basically stable and comes to sparse wood grassland vegetation.