明代抑商政策对中国经济发展的影响

The Influence of the Coustraining Business Policy of the Ming Dynasty on the Development of the Chinese Economy

商业是与人民大众生活息息相关的。明代商品经济得到进一步发展。朱元璋及其继承者固守抑商的国策 ,严禁去农从商 ,以商税来抑制商业发展 ,以节俭来抑制消费增长 ,限制对外贸易 ,商人社会地位低下 ,生命财产得不到保障。其结果 ,不仅延缓了沿海地区经济的快速发展 ,限制了整个国民经济的发展 ,并使国家财政收入减少 ,致使中国在世界历史发展的转折关头 ,失去了经济发展的机遇 ,落在了先进国家的后边。

Business is bound up with man's life closely.Commodity economy of the Ming Dynasty achieved a further development.Zhu Yuan zhang and his heirs insisted on the economic policy of constraining business,they forbad people to leave agriculture and cross over to commerce,limited the development of business by tax,limited the consumption by frugality,limited foreign trade.The businessmen were of low social rank,their lives and property were not secured.As a result, it was not only retarded the economic development of the coastal areas,checked the development of the whole national economy,but also decreased the state revenue,let the good opportunity of economic development of China slip at the juncture when the world history was advancing forward,which caused China to leave far behind the advanced.