论梁启超的“大民族主义”

On Liang Qichao's "Grand Nationalism

梁启超在借鉴西方民族主义的基础上 ,吸收了中国传统的大一统观和夷夏变易观 ,提出了御外自强的“大民族主义”。“大民族主义”的基本内涵是 :联合包括满族在内的中国境内各民族以构建民族共同体和民族国家 ;汉族是民族共同体的中心和主体 ;保存族粹以复兴中国传统文化。汉族主体与清廷权威 ,民族诉求与民主诉求 ,保存族粹与借鉴西方之间的矛盾是“大民族主义”的主要缺陷。“大民族主义”顺应了中国现代化的需要 ,符合中华民族的根本利益 。

After using for reference the western nationalism and drawing on the Chinese traditional view of grand union and changeability of nations, Liang Qichao proposed 'grand nationalism' to resist the foreign invasion. 'Grand nationalism' means: uniting all nationalities including the Manchurians to construct a national community and state; the Hans being the center and main body of the community; and preserving the best legacy of each nationality to rejuvenate the traditional culture. Its shortcomings include contradictions like: the Hans as the main body and the Qing regime as the authority, the national appeal and the democratic appeal, preserving the best legacy and introducing things from the West. 'Grand nationalism' conforms to the needs of the modernization in China and complies with the basic interest of the Chinese nation. This contributes greatly to the conversion of the revolutionary view of nationality and to the formation of the modern nationalism.