中国地方政府制度创新的角色及方式

The Roles and Ways of Institutional Innovation of Local Government in China

该文认为,中国地方政府在制度创新中主要充当3种角色:一是以“第一行动集团”的身份,在自己的固有职权范围内主动进行制度创新,如进行“增量改革”、引入市场机制配置资源、代行市场部分职能,等;二是以代理者的身份,在中央政府的制度准入条件下进行制度创新试验,如创办经济特区、经济技术开发区和各种体制改革试验,等;三是以“第二行动集团”的身份,对微观制度主体的制度创新活动予以鼓励和扶持,使制度创新得以实现,如对私营企业的扶持和保护。

The local governments in China have played three roles in institutional innovation: Firstly, they played the role of 'a primary action group', and were actively engaged in institutional innovation in their legal authority, such as carrying on 'increment reform', introducing market mechanism to dispose resources, acting on behalf of part of market's roles, etc. Secondly , they acted as an agent to carry on the tests of institutional innovation upon the condition of the institutional-entree permission of central government, such as founding special economic zone and economy-technologic development zone, and undertaking various system reforms. Thirdly, they played the part of 'a secondary action group' to encourage and support the institutional innovation activities done by the micro-institutional bodies and make them' realized, such as supporting and protecting private enterprises.