巨额财产来源不明罪新探

Research on Huge Amount of Unclear Properties Offense

巨额财产来源不明罪系反腐法网的重要环节 ,实施好坏直接关涉腐败的控制效果。当前学界对本罪构成要件、证据责任等问题的认识不一 ,大大影响了立法的应用价值。其实 ,我国《刑法》第 395条第 1款是实体法与证据法融为一体、规范中无罪过无行为的状态犯的新型立法模式 ,理论注释应有别于普通罪行。构成要件包括肯定和否定两个层次 ,即国家工作人员的财产与支出之和同合法收入存在巨大差额 ;本人不能说明来源的合法性。控辨双方分担证据责任 ,其中肯定性要件由控方承担 。

Item 1 of article 395 of the Criminal Law plays an important role in anti-corruption action.But now scholars have different views over the elements of the offense and the responsibility of the proof,which has greatly undermined the application value of legislation.Actually, the item is a new type code which integrates substantial law with evidence rule and creates a status offense without conduct or fault in view of norm. Therefore, we should interpret it in a particular way. There are two levels of this crime.One is the case that the public servant's property and expenditure exceed his legally earned income greatly and the other is that he can't provide reasonable explanations for the balance. The two parties all shoulder responsibility of proof. That is,the prosecutor bears the former and the defendant undertakes the later.