索绪尔的语言理论说略

A Survey of Saussure’s Linguistic Theory

索绪尔的语言学理论可概括为语言与言语 ,语言的内部要素与外部要素、组合关系与聚合关系、共时语言学与历时语言学及语言符号系统五个方面。它为现代语言学提出了总的方向 ,明确了语言的本质 ,规定了语言学的任务 ,并对 2 0世纪的各语言学流派产生了影响。

Saussure's linguistic theory concers about five aspects:langue and parole,synchronic linguistics and diachronic linguistics,syntagmatic relation and paradigmatic relation,and linguistic semilolgy.It proposes the main trend for modern linguistics,making clear the nature of language,prescribing the task of linguistics.Therefore,Saussure's theory great influence for the different linguistics school in the 20th century.