论中国历史学研究的两种传统

On the Two Thaditions of Chinese Hlstolical Studies

中国历史学自古以来就存在着重考据和重义理两种治学传统。这两种传统之间并无高下优劣之分,高下优劣只存在于各自传统的内部。由于受“重实践”治学精神的影响,中国史学的主流是考据派,而此派在２０世纪受到西方科学思潮的影响而获得了理性的形式后,更有独霸史坛之势。在“科学理性”日益向考据派渗透的今天,义理派应该大胆地向“审美的”领域拓展。

There have existed two scholastic traditions since ancient times in Chinese historical studies: textual criticism and argumentation. It cannot be said that one is superior to the other. Their superiority or inferiority exists only within their own traditions. Influenced by the practice-oriented academic spirit, the textual criticism school has been the mainstream in Chinese historical studies. Assuming the form of rationality with the influence of western scientific thinking in the 20th century, the school now has a tendency to predominate the historical community. Today, when scientific rationality' is penetrating the textual criticism school, the argumentation school should expand bravely to 'aesthetic territories.