长江安徽段江洲滩变迁及其与洪水关系的研究

Study on Relationship between Variance of Marshland and Flood in Anhui Province along Yangtze River

目的 分析长江安徽段江洲滩变化趋势以及洪水与江洲滩淤积和新生洲滩形成的关系。方法 对安徽省江洲滩现状以及陈桥洲南滩和共和洲 2个新生洲滩的形成进行了调查 ,详细参阅有关水沙关系的研究结果 ,在此基础上对安徽省江洲滩变迁及其与洪水的关系进行了分析。结果 长江安徽段河道滩地呈涨大于崩的趋势 ,近年来洲滩每年以 2 6 6 4万m2 速度递增。而且新生洲滩陆续露出水面 ,钉螺孳生地不断扩大。大部分年份的水沙变化过程基本一致 ,沙量随水量增减而相应变化 ,即丰水丰沙 ,中水中沙 ,枯水少沙。结论 安徽段江洲滩将以淤高延伸扩大为主 ,每年的洪水对江洲滩淤积、新生滩地的形成起到了不可忽略的重要作用。洪水不仅会加速江、洲滩淤积和新生滩地的形成 ,而且有利于钉螺扩散和蔓延。

Objective To analyze the movement tendency of marshland in Anhui section along Yangtze river,and the relationship between flood and the filling up or marshland and the formation of new marshland.Methods To survey the current status of marshland in Anhui province and the formation process of two newly marshland,the Chenqiao south beach and the Gonghe beach.To consult the research results about the relation between water and silts carefully.According to these results ,to analyze the movement tendency of marshland and the relationship with flood.Results It takes on the tendency that more marshland is enlarger than collapse in Anhui section,the annual areas of growth accounted for 2 664 000 square meter in recent yreas.New islet also come up to water constantly,the breeding areas of snail enlarge continually.The variation process of water and silts is consistent totally in most years,the amount of silt changes with that of water,that is rich water and rich silts,middling water and middling silts,less water and less silts.Conclusion The marshland in Anhui section will filling up and stretch up,the areas will enlarge.The flood plays an important role on the filling up of marshland and the formation of new marshland,every year.The flood not only can accelerate the filling up of marshland and the formation of new marshland,but also can make for the transmission and spread of snail,which will influence the course of schistosomiasis control severely.