猪油量与家兔动脉粥样硬化关系研究

A STUDY OF THE RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN TWO EDIBLE OILS AND ATHEROSCLEROSIS

本实验采用大耳白家兔,观察猪油Ⅰ组(猪油占总能量42％)、猪油Ⅱ组(猪油占总能量的21％)和豆油组(豆油占总能量42％)与血脂水平、组织脂肪酸组成、主动脉组织形态和体重的关系。结果表明,实验后各组血脂水平不同,血清胆固醇浓度,猪油Ⅰ组、豆油组和猪油Ⅱ组分别升高到7.04、4.04和5.36mmol/L,甘油三酯分别为1.07、0.57和1.00mmol/L,TC/HDL-C比值分别为7.12、5.99和8.48。组织脂肪酸组成中,饱和脂肪酸含量除血清中猪油Ⅰ组最高和心肌中豆油组最低外,其余各组相似,多不饱和脂肪酸含量豆油组最高,猪油Ⅱ组次之,猪油Ⅰ组最低。主动脉大体观察,猪油Ⅰ组受检动物中均有斑块形成,其中条状斑块为4/5,大纤维斑块为1/5,豆油组点状斑块3/5,条状和大纤维斑块各占1/5,而猪油Ⅱ组点状和条状纤维斑块各占1/5,其余的末见异常变化。电镜观察结果与大体观察结果相似,猪油Ⅱ组最轻、豆油组次之,猪油Ⅰ组最重。

The effects of 2 kinds of edible oils, soy bean oil and lard, on serum lipid levels, morphological changes of cardiovascular tissuse, fatty acid compositions of various tissues and body weights of rabbits had been observed. 24 adult rabbits were divided into 4 groups (n=6 in each), i.e. soy bean oil group (41% energy from soy bean oil), lard I group (41% energy from lard) and lard II group (20.5% energy from lard). The exp-erimantal animals were fed the diets and water ad libitum for 2 months. The results showed that the detrimental effect of lard I group was most serious and lard II group the least. The serum TC and TG levels of soy bean oil and lerd II group were much lower than those of lard I group (P<0.05). PUFA compositions of tissues were higher, but saturated fatty acid compositions lower in soy bean oil group than those of lard I and II groups.The observation with electron microscopy revealed that in lard I group the vascular endothelial cells changes were more serious than those of soy bean oil group and lard II group.Although in lard II group the serum TC levels was higher than that of soy bean oil group, yet the vascular changes was lighter. So the quantity and quality of fat in diet may affect the vascular tissues, and small amount of lard may not give obvious detrimental effect.