土壤有机氮矿化与有机物氮素释放的动态模拟

THE SIMULATION ON MINERALIZATION OF SOIL ORGANIC NITROGEN AND NITROGEN RELEASE FROM ORGANIC MATERIALS APPLIED TO THE FIELDS

土壤中矿质态氮动态变化是秸秆还田管理决策的重要依据。研究建立土壤有机氮矿化及还田有机物分解氮素释放的模拟模型,以指数函数反映有机氮分解温度效应,以分段线性函数反映水分效应,以"标准天"反映温度与水分的综合影响。该模型提出的有机物分解氮素释放的"整吞"式建模构思,较"吃馅饼"式的构模所需参数少,且易通过试验获得,从而增强模型的实用性。利用在淮北滨海地区的小麦试验资料对该模型的有效性进行了验证。

The management of the straw returning to the fields was closely related to the dynamics of mineral nitrogen in the soil. The simulation models including submodels of mineralization of soil organic nitrogen and nitrogen release from straw decomposition of organic nitrogen were developed. The effects of temperature and soil moisture on the mineralization and the decomposition were described by exponential functions and segmented linear functions respectively and their synthesized effect was described by 'standard days'. An ideal of 'whole swallowing' model structure for the simulation was raised, which was more practical than de Vries′s 'pieeating' model structure. The validity of the models were tested using the experimental data from the seashore areas of Jiangsu.