扭矩法诊断柴油机动力装置故障

Diagnosis of Diesel Engine Faults by Its Shaft Torques

为了探索柴油机的故障机理 ,对 6 16 0 A柴油机在正常情况下和一缸熄火时的瞬时扭矩进行了仿真计算 ,并利用该动力装置分别在活塞环故障、一缸停油、进气故障及正常情况下测录了不同转速和负荷下轴系上的扭矩动态变化信号。分析结果表明 ,故障原因与扭矩信号之间存在一定对应关系 ,结合其他传感器信号 ,可有效、实时地在线诊断柴油机故障。该轴扭测试分析系统也可用于柴油动力装置的实时监测。

A simplified model of a diesel engine was used to analyze the impact of one cylinder flameout fault on engine's crankshaft transient torgue.Experiments on a power plant consisting of the engine with intentional faults were performed.The faults included the removal of two piston rings in each of the first and the second cylinders,the flameout in the third cylinder and the inlet duct with a quarter of its cross sectional area clogged.Under different speeds and loadings,the dynamic torques induced by the faults in the shaft of the plant were measured.Experiment results show that there exists correspondance between the torques and the faults,and the conditions and faults of the engine can be effectively mornitored and diagnosed by using measured torques in combination with other measured signals.