启功先生论《红》发微——论《红楼梦》里的诗与人

Prof. Qi Gong's Study of A Dream of Red Chambers

启功先生是著名红学专家,他对《红搂梦》的研究和注解,多发前人之所未发,非常人所能及。以启老所说《红楼梦》里“每首诗都是人物形象的组成部分”为契入点,论证:１)只有“满纸荒唐言”诗才是曹雪芹自抒胸臆之作,而“无材可去补苍天”及“字字看来皆是血”诗均非曹氏所作;２)论证黛玉、宝钗之诗反映她们迥然不同的性格;从版本、音误、形误和黛玉性格等角度论证“冷月葬诗魂”句当作“诗魂”而非“花魂”,更非“死魂”;从而印证启老所言,洵为不刊之论。

Prof. Qi Gong is one of the famous experts in A Dream of Red Chambers. His study andcommentaries on this novel have many new discoveries. In his study he shows a marvelous ability of researchwhich can hardly be granted on other people. He used to say that nearly every poem in the novel was anintegrated section of a figure. This can be regarded as a starting point from which we can prove that Prof. Qi'sfo1lowing views are correct: Firstly, only the poem 'there are all rubbish in pages' is the expression of CaoXue-qin's own fee1ing. Neither 'no ability to complement the Heaven' nor 'every word 1ooks blooding' areof Cao's own work. Second1y, the versions about Miss Dai-yu and Miss Bao-chai show their charactersrespectively. 'The poetic sou1' in the line 'the cold Moon is the buried poetic soul' can be verified rather than'flower soul' or 'dead soul'. From above mentioned two points can we see that Prof. Qi's studies should befirm conclusions that cannot be shaked easi1y.