论南宋寿词的兴盛及其文化成因

On the Prosperity and the Cultural Bases of Birthday Statement in the South Song Dynasty

祝寿源于先民对死亡的非理性思考 ,寿辞伴随着这种仪礼活动而生。南宋寿词从题材内容看 ,主要有寿圣寿官词、寿亲友词和自寿词 ,不同的祝寿对象和创作动机使作品呈现出不同的审美情趣与文化品格。而逸乐的社会风尚、理学思潮的影响、文士内敛的心态和词体文学自身的特点则是促动南宋寿词勃兴的主要文化动因。

Birthday celebration was originated from the irrational contemplation on death on the part of early men. It was just with this birthday ceremony that birthday statement came into being. In terms of subject matter, birthday statements were largely classified into those to the experor and to courtiers and thoset to relatives and friends and those to oneself. As a result, different subjects and motives of birthday celebration show different aesthetic tastes and cultural characters. However, the leading cultural motivations of birthday statements in the South Song Dynasty lie in such matters as leisurely and delightful social fashion, impact of rationalistic Confucian trend, self restrained psychology of scholars and distinctive characteristics of Ci poetry.