城市居民家庭常用自备药的现状研究

A Study on the Present Condition of the Household Spare Drugs in the Residents of Hefei City

采用分层随机抽样的方法抽取了合肥市300户居民家庭作为研究对象,调查分析了居民家庭常用自备药的种类及数量、剂型与使用情况、储存期限与方法、来源与费用支付渠道、非处方药所占比例以及居民对自备药的有关知识等内容。结果如下:(1)家庭常用药的储备率比较高(65％),在家庭自我保健中正发挥着积极作用。(2)由居民储存的药品显示:家庭自备药的使用中可能存在滥用抗生素的现象;家庭备用药品中属于非处方药的比例及支付渠道等表明加速医疗保健制度的改革,实行OTC分类管理药品,对降低医疗费用、方便群众保健以及减轻医院工作压力都不失为上策之一。(3)居民对自备药有关知识缺乏足够的了解。提示如何加强社区健康教育,进行大众医药知识的普及教育,提高居民对常用药有关知识的认识水平,指导人们合理用药已成为当务之急。

The study sampled 300 households in Hefei City as research objects by stratified sampling and analyzed such issues as the type, quantity and use of household spare drugs (HSD), storage terms and methods, origins and type of payment, percentage of OTC and the residents, understanding to HSD, etc. It is very necessary to guide the residents to use HSD rationally, reduce their side - effects and improve the residents, self - care consciousness and abilities. The results as follows: (1) The storage rate of HSD is quite high(65% ). (2)There exists irrational use of antibiotics in the use of HSD. The proportion of OTC to HSD, origins and type of payment of HSD show that fastening the reform of medical care system and carrying out OTC categorical management is the best method to reduce medical cost, benefit people's medical care and decrease the stress of hospitals. (3)The residents have not sufficient knowledge on HSD. More seriously, they don't know drugs exist contradiction and side - effects. That suggests that it is very urgent to strengthen community health education, carry out the popular education of medicine knowledge, improve the residents' level of understanding to HSD and instruct them to rationally use HSD.