微地震监测技术在油田开发中的应用

Application of microseismic monitoring technology in development of oil field

微地震监测技术是近 2 0年才出现的地球物理新技术 ,其基本做法是通过在井中或地面布置检波器排列接收生产活动所产生或诱导的微小地震事件 ,并通过对这些事件的反演求取微地震震源位置等参数 ,然后 ,应用这些参数对生产活动进行监控或指导。在油气开发领域 ,该方法主要用于油田低渗透储层压裂的裂缝动态成像和油田开发过程的动态监测 ,主要是流体驱动监测。介绍了微地震监测方法的基本原理、数据采集方法和数据处理方法及应用实例 。

Microseismic monitoring is a new technology emerged in recent two decades. This method consists mainly of 3 steps. Microseismic events induced by production are received with a geophone array deployed on the surface or in a borehole. They are inverted to determine parameters such as locations of microseismic sources. The resulted parameters are then used to guide the production activities.In the field of oil/gas developing,Microseismic monitoring is mainly used in dynamic imaging for hydraulic fracturing in low permeability reservoirs, and for monitoring of fluid injection. The basic principles of microseismic monitoring as well as acquisition and processing of microseismic data are discussed in the paper, and some application examples are also presented. The paper concluded with an analysis of application effects and the future of microseismic monitoring.