“开X”类开始义动词的词义衍生与类推造词

Sense Extension of “开 X”-Type Verbs of Commencement and its Analogical Formation

“开X”类开始义动词。其结构为“开_”,多为动宾式合成词,共同的核心语义为“开始某项活动”。“X”为名词性语素与动词性语素。语义表示工具、处所、时间、动作等。其产生发展的来源一是利用已有的“开X”类动词衍生新义,二是利用“开X”类动词的格式类推创造新词。这类动词的不断产生是为了语言更加丰富,表达更加准确与生动。

With the structure of 'to begin__', most 'to begin x' type verbs of commencementare V-O genre compounds, bearing the common core sense of 'to begin an activity'. X stands for a noun or verb morpheme, whose semanteme covers instrument, place, time, action, etc. The development of such verbs boils down to two sources: one is by making use of neologism; the other is by analogical formation. The emergence of such verbs enriches the language and helps to achieve exactness and vividness of expression at that.