纳观摩擦机理研究进展

Advance in the Study of Nanotribological Mechanism

摩擦是一个非线性的、远离平衡态的热力学过程 有关滑动摩擦的研究是物理学中最古老、应用上也最重要的问题之一 与此不相适应的却是人们对摩擦中基本纳观过程知之甚少 ,至今还没有一个被普遍接受的理论 ,既可以解释摩擦中的宏观现象又可以解释其纳观机理 因此 ,在原子分子尺度上研究物质相互接触以及在表面的纳观摩擦机理是摩擦学研究的一个重大拓展和深入 本文较系统地综述了纳观摩擦机理的研究中取得的一些重要成果 ,重点介绍了几种重要的摩擦理论模型和相关的研究结果

Friction is a nonlinear and far from equilibrium thermodynamics process. The research of kinetic friction is one of the oldest problems in physics and one of the most important problems in application. However, people know little about the mechanism of tribology. So far there is not a generally accepted theory to express not only macro phenomena but also nano mechanism in nanotribology. The fundamental study of nanotribology in atomic and molecular size is a great progress in the study of tribology. In this paper some important results about the fundamental study in nanotribology, especially several important tribology theories and their results, are reviewed. The problems to be solved and the research orientation in this field are also presented.