用声强测量法分析轮式装载机驾驶室内声场

Measurement and Analysis of Noise in Wheeled Loader Cab Using Acoustic Intensity Techniques

声强的矢量性使声强测量在应用时受环境限制少 ,易于确定声源位置、声能流向等 ,已成为噪声源鉴别 ,声功率测定和声场分析的有效手段之一 笔者应用声强测量法对轮式装载机驾驶室内声能流和声强分布进行了测量及分析 ,指出了影响该驾驶室内噪声的主要原因 通过分析认为 ,就样机而言 ,轮式装载机驾驶室内的主要噪声源是发动机噪声和驾驶室壁面所辐射的噪声 ;在发动机噪声中 ,排气噪声对驾驶室内噪声的影响相对较大 ;此外 ,驾驶室自身的结构对其内部噪声的影响也不可忽略 在此基础上 ,提出了有效降低该驾驶室内噪声的措施 。

Vector characteristic of acoustic intensity makes its testing less influenced by environment. Acoustic intensity method makes it easier to identify noise sources, flow direction of acoustic energy, etc, and becomes one of the effective means to identify noise sources, measure noise power, and analyze acoustic field. In this paper, the flow trend of noise energy and sound intensity in the cab of a wheeled loader are tested and analyzed using acoustic intensity techniques, and the main factors to cause the noise in the cab are identified. It is shown by analysis that the main noise sources of loader cab are engine noise and the noise radiated by the cab walls and that among the engine noises, the exhaust noise has more contribution to the cab noise than others, and the influence of the cab structure on the noise in the cab itself is also not ignored. Based on the testing and analysis, some measures available to reduce the noise in the cab are suggested, which gives the reference to the design and improvement of the product for the reduction of its cab noise.