“自治”理论及其中国实践

Theory of Autonomy and Its Practice in China

本文从宪政法理学角度出发探讨自治问题。认为 ,自治首先标示着人之为人的主体意识的觉悟 ,既包含了对历史性的社会学事实的陈述 ,又具有根本性的价值诉求和规范意味。在市民社会与政治国家相对分离的历史条件下 ,对于社会个体而言 ,人的自治在宪政制度意义上表征为私人领域的私权自主和公共领域的主权在民两大形态。在现代人的政治实践中 ,政权性的地方自治和民族区域自治、非政权性的社区自治。

The paper pribes into autonomy problem from constitutionalist jurisprudence and thinks autonomy first is a sign of cognition of subject consciousness of human, which not only includes the narration of historic sociological facts but also has basic value acquirement and normative meaning. Under the historical condition of the relative separation of citizen society and political country, to the social individuals, autonomy of human in constitutional system has two different forms: autonomy of private right in personnel sphere and sovereignty of people in public sphere. In political practice of modern people, regional autonomy and regional national autonomy with authority, autonomy of community without authority and national self-determination of the state are all only autonomous forms of the basic system of the realization of popular sovereignty.