基于3S技术的土地利用/土地覆盖变化野外采样框架设计——以东北地区黑龙江省为例

Field Sampling Design for Land-use and Land-cover Changes Based on 3S Technology --Taking Heilongjiang Province as An Example

土地利用 /土地覆盖变化是全球环境变化的重要组成部分 ,随着 3S技术的不断成熟和发展 ,运用 RS、GPS和 GIS技术进行土地利用 /土地覆盖变化研究已成为一种越来越成熟的方式和手段。从空间抽样模型理论出发 ,以我国黑龙江省为例 ,运用 RS、GPS和 GIS技术 ,通过对黑龙江省道路网、土地利用区划、土地利用 /土地覆盖类型、土地利用 /土地覆盖 1 km× 1 km格网数据等空间信息分布的综合考虑、分析 ,设计了土地利用 /土地覆盖变化的综合野外采样框架。框架主要包括采样区的布设、采样路线和采样点的选择等。由于以多层空间信息为采样依据 ,经实践检验 ,该采样框架具有经济实用等优点。

Land\|use and land\|cover change is one of important parts of global changes. With the development of 3S techniques, using the RS, GIS and GPS to study land\|use and land\|cover change has become a mature method. Based on the spatial sampling theory, this paper has designed a integrated field sampling frame using 3S technology. This frame takes full advantage of province map, land\|use/land\|cover 1 km ×1 km grid data,land\|use/land cover classification map, road network map and land\|use/land cover divisional map. The 1 km ×1 km grid data derives from land\|use/land\|cover classification data, each grid value equals to the maximal area percent of land\|use/land\|cover classification in this grid. It really describes the spatial pattern of land\|use/land\|cover. The field sampling region will be chosen according to the 1 km ×1 km grid data and land\|use/land cover classification map. Based on the road network and all of other spatial information, for example TM image, the field sampling line and sampling points will be produced. In this article, we design the field sampling line and sampling points map for land\|use/land\|cover in Heilongjiang. Testified by outside sampling, it is a kind of economic and applied field sampling frame.