乳癌的外科治疗

Surgical treatment of breast carcinoma

目的 探讨乳癌外科治疗的策略。方法 回顾性分析 2 5 8例乳癌的临床资料。结果 (1)13 6例Ⅰ～Ⅱ期患者行改良根治术 ,总生存率为 10 0 % ,无复发生存率为 92 .6%。 (2 )保留乳房的乳癌手术 2例 ,1例 (5 0 % )术后 5个月局部复发。 (3 )Ⅲ期乳癌行改良根治术 88例 ,行根治术 2 0例 ,两者的无瘤生存率与总生存率差异无显著性。 (4 )Ⅳ期患者有 5例行根治性手术 ,取得了较好的效果。 (5 )采用特制乳腺刀游离皮瓣和电刀切除 ,并合理清扫腋窝 ,手术输血率为 3 .5 %。局部并发症有术后皮下积血 2 .7% ,皮瓣坏死 7.4% ,皮下积液 18.6% ,患侧肢体水肿 4.3 %。结论 改良根治术是治疗Ⅰ～Ⅲ期乳癌的主要术式 ,乳腺刀和电刀的使用 ,可以减少手术输血 ,缩短手术时间 ;合理的腋窝清扫可以减少患侧肢体水肿的发生。

Objective To explore the strategy of surgical therapy for breast carcinoma . Methods The clinical data of 258 patients with breast carcinoma were analysed retrospectively. Results (1)136 patients with stage Ⅰ～Ⅱ breast carcinoma were subjected to modified radical mastectomy, overall survival(OS) was 100%, and relapse free survival(RFS)92.6%.(2)Partial mastectomy and axillary dissection were performed on two patients with stage Ⅱbreast carcinoma,one relapsed in 5 months after operation. (3)In patients with stage Ⅲ breast carcinoma,there was no statistical difference in OS and RFS between 88 patients subjected to modified radical mastectomy and 20 radical mastectomy.(4)The radical operation showed a better efficacy in 5 patients with stage Ⅳ breast carcinoma.(5)Using special breast cutter and electrotome,the rate of surgical blood transfusion was 3.5%,postoperative hematocele 2.7%,flap necrosis 7.4%, effusion under skin 18.6%,and edema of affected limb 4.3%. Conclusions (1)The modified radical mastectomy is the major operation for stage Ⅰ～Ⅲ breast carcinoma patients. (2)Using special breast cutter and electrotome could cut down surgical blood transfusion and operation time.(3)Rational axillary lymph node dissective could reduce postoperative complications.