GIS与土壤溶质运移模型结合研究进展

PROGRESS OF THE RESEARCH ON THE COMBINATION OF GIS WITH THE MODEL OF SOLUTE TRANSPORT IN SOIL

地理信息系统对土壤溶质模型研究而言 ,使用者的要求与GIS所能提供的功能之间 ,还存在巨大的差距。出于对环境问题的关注 ,土壤中水分及溶质运移的规律及其对环境的影响 ,成为当前研究的热点。随着对土壤溶质运移模型研究的深入 ,一方面由于田间土壤特性具有很大的空间变异 ;另一方面 ,在实际应用中 ,往往溶质运移的宏观特征而非微观特征 ,具有更重要的意义。将溶质运移模型与GIS技术结合 ,定量研究空间尺度的溶质运移 ,成为溶质运移研究的必然发展趋势。由于计算机软硬件技术的发展 ,GIS正处于一个高速发展的时期。将GIS与溶质运移模型相结合 ,或者进一步 ,以GIS理论和技术为基础 ,建立基于GIS的溶质运移模型 ,将对溶质运移的规律及其对环境的影响 ,做出更深入和准确的描述。

Geographical information system has been extensively applied in many domains because of its great capability in obtaining, editing, managing, analyzing and displaying the spatial and non spatial data. Since their initial development in the 1960s,GIS have been used for study on solute transportation in soil by many researchers. However, for modeling solute transportation in soil, there is a big gap between requirements of model users and functions of GIS. Being connected to environmental issues, it has been a hot subject to study on moisture and solute transportation in soil. Because the properties of soil have strongly spatial variability, there is an emerging trend to study those issues by coupling vadose models with GIS. By this way, researchers can study solute transportation in regional scale quantitatively. The technology of computer is getting a high speeding progress now, so is GIS. By coupling models with GIS, or building models on the theory and technology of GIS, researchers will have bright opportunities to describe the solute transport and its influence on environment more deeply and precisely.