山茱萸炭疽病菌生物学特性研究及药剂毒力测定

The Study on the Biological Characters of Colletotrichum Gloeosporioides Penz. and the Toxicity Test of Chemicals (Fungicides)

研究结果表明:山茱萸炭疽病菌分生孢子萌发的最适温度为23—28℃,致死温度在50—55℃之间,在相对湿度100%条件下萌发率最高,分生孢子萌发的最适pH值为5—6.需要的营养以1%蛋白胨液和查彼氏培养液为好,单糖、双糖和多糖作为炭源都能很好地被病菌利用,以在甘露糖为碳源的培养基上生长最好.荧光灯和黑光灯照射对孢子萌发有影响,紫外光对分生孢子有强烈的杀伤作用.分生孢子离体寿命为3—4天.用纸碟抑菌圈法对15种农药进行了毒力测定,以50%退菌特可湿性粉剂和40%拌种双可湿性粉剂抑菌效果最好,多菌灵次之,代森锌的抑菌效果较差.

The result showed that the conidium of Colletotrich um gloeosporio-ides Pezn. hat a germinating temperature of 23-28℃ and a death temperature of 50-55℃. It had the highest germinating rate in relative humidity of 100% and the pH 5-6. l%peptone and kzapek culture liquid were good as tha required nutrition. Monosaccharide, disaccharide and polysaccharide, as the source of carbon, all could be used very well by the fungus, and mannose was the best. The germination of the conidium could be influenced by the illumination with fluorescent lamp and black light lamp, and the conidium could be killed by the ultraviolet light. The isolated conidium had 3-4 days of life. The tests of toxicity for 15 fungicides were carried out with the method of fungistatic-cirde. The 50% tuzet wp and a 40% fungicide (Seedvax plus thiram) wp gave the best fungistasis. Carbendazol took the second place, and zineb showed a poorer effectiveness.