固体超强酸催化剂改性研究进展

Advances in modification of solid superacid catalysts

负载型固体超强酸是近年来发展的一种新型催化材料 ,对许多化学反应有较好的催化活性、选择性及重复使用性能 ,并可催化许多均相反应难以进行的各种化学反应。综述了国内外此类催化剂改性研究的最新进展 ,包括载体、促进剂、制备条件、酸中心结构的研究、利用纳米技术制备固体超强酸催化剂。讨论了固体超强酸催化剂理论及催化剂现代表征方法 ,催化剂酸中心形成、失活机理 ,固体超强酸催化剂的应用。

Supported solid superacicd catalyst is a new type of catalytic materials which have been developed in recent years.Solid superacid catalysts have been proved to be very effective from the viewpoint of activity,selectivity and reusability in the preparation of various important chemicals which have a number of difficulties with homogeneous catalysts.Advances in modifications of the catalysts are reviewed,including the studies on carriers,promotion agents and preparation of catalyst by nanotechnology.Catalytic theory of solid superacid catalysts and modern analysis methods for the catalysts,structure of acidic centers,mechanisms of deactivation,applications of solid superacid are discussed.Finally,development trends of solid superacid catalysts are put forward.