中国历史时期温度变化特征的新认识——纪念竺可桢《中国过去五千年温度变化初步研究》发表30周年

New Understandings on the Historical Temperature Changes in China

自竺可桢先生 1 972年发表《中国过去五千年温度变化初步研究》一文以来的 30年中 ,我国历史时期温度变化研究取得了重要进展。本文从 6个方面对此予以概括 :(1 )印证了竺可桢先生确定的主要冷期 ,并对寒冷状况进行了定量估计 ;(2 )新识别出战国冷期和中唐冷期 ;(3)证明了中国存在中世纪暖期 ,并论证了该暖期是过去 2 0 0 0年中国最暖的时期 ;(4)修正了对汉代暖期和隋唐暖期温暖程度的认识 ;(5)发现了历史时期冷暖变化的千年周期 ;(6)定量估算了过去 2 0 0 0年温度变化的幅度和速率。上述进展不仅证明了竺先生所勾画的中国历史时期温度变化的基本轮廓从总体上看是正确的 。

years passed since Prof. Chu Ko chen published his famous article 'A Preliminary Study on the Climate Fluctuations During the Past 5000 Years in China' in 1972, which drew the outline of the historical temperature change of China. In the past 30 years, great progresses have been made in historical temperature change in China. Six aspects of new understandings on temperature changes in China are summarized in this paper: (1) confirming the major cold periods found by Prof. Chu and subdividing them in detail; (2) newly identifying out the Zhanguo Cold Period and the Mid Tang Dynasty Cold Period; (3) proving that the MWP was existed in China and it was the warmest stage during the past 2000 years; (4) finding that the warm periods of the East Han Dynasty and the Tang Dynasty are not as warm as estimated by Prof. Chu; (5) discovering the 1350a period of temperature change in China; (6) estimating on the range and rate of temperature change in the past 2000 years. The new understandings above supports as a whole the outline of the historical temperature change of China drawn by Prof. Chu 30 years ago, ans also improves the understanding of the regularities of historical temperature change in China.