棉铃形成过程中花器形态量变规律的研究

Studied on Floral Organ Quantita-tive Change Rules in Progressive Development of Cotton Boll

研究了棉花分化花芽、蕾、花、成铃、吐絮铃5个花器形态的量变规律。每公顷 1 5 0 0 kg皮棉的高产棉田 ,单株分化花芽数为 5 0～ 1 5 0个 ,每公顷分化花芽数为 2 5 7± 4.6万个。能现蕾的花芽数占分化花芽数的 76%± 1 6% ,其中 77%± 5 %的蕾能成花 ,45 %± 1 5 %的花能发育成铃 ,90 %± 5 %的铃能正常吐絮。

The quantitative changes of bud, square, bloom flower, mature boll and open boll in cotton were studied. The results showed that cotton plants in the high yield field of 1500kg·hm \{ 2\} lint could produce 2,570,000±46,000 buds. Per plant could form 50~150 buds in the cotton field. Whereas , 76%±16% of these buds could turn to squares, 77%±5% of squares could produce blooming flowers, 45%±15% of the flowers develop bolls, 90%±5% of the bolls yield open bolls. Mathematic models of progressive development of cotton boll were set up based on floral organ form quantitative changes.