将秦岭黑麦遗传物质导入普通小麦的研究

Transferring the Genetic Base of Qinling Rye into Wheat

用 39个小麦与秦岭黑麦杂交 ,从杂交成功的 16个组合后代中发现“中国春×秦岭黑麦”与“新中长×秦岭黑麦”的F1能够自然结实产生有生活力的杂种。其中植株 (中国春×黑麦 )F2 - 2和 (新中长×黑麦 )F2 - 2进一步自交、回交结实性较好。并从后者获得了遗传上稳定的染色体数为 42的纯合小麦新材料 99L2。秦岭黑麦的抗条锈特性已被转移到 99L2遗传背景中并得到表达。

By screening 16 hybridization combinations of bread wheat cultivars (lines) with Qinling rye, it is found the F_1 hybrids of Chinese Spring (CS)×rye and Shinchunaga×rye can result in spontaneous seed settings. These seeds produce F_2 plants. Among them, (CS×rye) F_2-2 and (Shinchunaga×rye) F_2-2 have good fertility by self-crossing or backcross. A new line 99L2 is obtained, with stable genetic constitute and consistent agronomy characters, by the selfing plant of (Shinchunaga×rye) F_2-2. 99L2 has chromosomes 2n=42, and carries with some genetic materials from Qinling rye. The resistance to stripe rust derived from Qinling rye is expressed in 99L2, thus indicating the usefulness for wheat improvement.