西瓜连作障碍及其对策的初步研究

A Preliminary Study of Watermelon Continuous Cropping Barrier and Its Countermeasure

西瓜连作导致土壤营养条件的恶化或失调,尤其磷、钾营养元素的锐减以及镁铁、锰等微量元素的贫乏,引起西瓜植株的生理障碍,表现生育迟缓,抗病力降低,枯萎病、线虫病严重发生,造成植株死亡.因此,生理障碍和病理障碍是构成西瓜连作障碍的主导因素.采用杀菌剂,土壤改良剂,营养和微量元素组配而成的复合剂,不仅能有效地防治连作西瓜枯萎病,而且可以促进生长,提早成熟2—3天,单瓜重增加9—12%,中心糖度提高1.5—2.0%.

The continuous cropping of watermelon induces deterioiation of soil or disorder of nutrient, particularly reduces the nutrient of P, K and made the soil poor with micronutricnt such as Mg, Fe, Mn etc. In this case physiological barrier usually occurres, the plants show growth retard, resistance reduces,and the wilt and nematode diseases severely happen. So a great deal of plants die. Therefore diseases and physiological barrier are the main factors of continuous cropping barrie of watermelon.Utilization of complex pharmacon that mixed with fungicide soil amendment, macronutrient and micronutrient, will not only effectivley control the wilt, but also promote plant growth, made early-ripe for 2-3 days, increase the weight of single fruit by 9-12%, and raise the content of sugar by 1.5-2.0%0