沿江感潮水闸环境引水量的计算方法及实例

Real Case of Calculating the Diversion Flow through Intake Gate along Yangtze River in Tidal Area

墅沟临江水闸对上海嘉宝北片的北引南排以及水资源调度提供了重要保障,本文以墅沟临江水闸为例,采用回归分析法和流量系数法探讨了基于水利调度方案下的沿江水闸环境引水量计算过程,并分析了沿江水闸环境引水量计算的主要影响因子。结果表明:(1)影响墅沟水闸引水量的主要因子是闸门的开度;(2)流量系数可以校正一次过闸流量的影响,但难以反映一潮引水中水闸开度动态变化所产生的影响,仍需进行校正;(3)沿江感潮水闸环境引水量的计算,难点在于闸门开度随闸内外水位差而发生复杂的变化,墅沟水闸闸门开度的设计调度方案与水位的变化是逆向的,人为调控的因素起到很大的作用。分析计算表明不同年型对水闸引水量影响较小,可以认为墅沟水闸基本能够保证在不同年型的持续稳定引水。

Shu Gou intake gate which located in the north area of Shanghai city along Yangtze River, plays an important role in controllmg water resources and meeting regional water demand. However, it is difficult to calculate the diversion flow due to the changed water level that was for control both by considerations of safety and the needs of diversion operation seneme. This paper tried to use regression and discharge coef-ficient methods to solve the problem and the main results were as follows: 1, The main factor that effects the diversion flow is the area of flow section of the gate; 2, the methods of discharge coefficient can modify the field-test data of diversion flow but it is hard to show the effect of instantaneous changing of flow section in the diversion process; and 3, there is a reversed relation between the change of water level and the area of flow section of the gate under diversion operation seneme. Study showed that Shu Gou intake gate could ensure a steady flow in different hydrological year for human control is stronger.