德国高校教师结构及工资制度改革动向

The Teacher Structure and the Trends of the Wage System Reform in Germanic Colleges and Universities

随着高等教育的大众化、全球性的教育经费匮乏以及国际竞争的加剧，人们对德国高校现行的教师制度产生了信会危机，为此，自９０年代以来，德国政府、各党派、学术团体及各利益集团的组织纷纷提出有关高校人事制度改革的建议。虽然出于政治目的和集团利益的考虑，各组织及个人在有关高校内部人事制度的改革主张上有很大的分歧，有时甚至是针锋相对的，然而当前德国高校人事制度改革的热点以及大致的走向是相当明显的。即：根据教学科研人员的特点，调整高过教师相应的劳动关系；改革工资体系，加强教授的业绩意识和竞争意识；缩短教育时间和提供独立职位，促进高校科学后备人才的成长。

Because of mass higher cducation、global educational funds' lack and the intensification of international competition,the people haven 't confidence in teacher sys- tem in Germanic colleges and universities gradually. Since l990s, Germanic govcrnment. Parties、scholarly groups and all kinds of organizations representing various interest point out some suggestions on reforming personnel system in colleges and universities. Though the suggestions on reform are different because of various political aims and groups' interest, the focus and the tendency arc very obvious: adjusting labor relation of teachers in colleges and universities according to the fcatures of teachers and re- searchers; reforming wage system in order to strengthen the consiousness of achievement and competition;shortening the time of educatlon and providing independent position as to promote the growth of scientific reserve force in colleges and universities.