氮肥施用技术对水稻产量及构成因素的影响

Effect of Nitrogen Application Skill on the Yield and Yield Components of Rice

通过不同施氮量、不同施氮方式试验研究毕粳 3 7号的产量及构成因素。结果表明 :氮肥的适宜施用量能显著提高水稻成熟期产量、穗实粒数及千粒重并有效调控有效穗 ,对穗总粒数的影响不显著。适当的基、穗肥搭配是最佳施氮模式。适宜的基肥施氮比例能显著提高水稻成熟期产量及穗总粒数、穗实粒数并有效调控有效穗 ,对千粒重的影响不显著。在土壤肥力中等时 ,氮肥的适宜施用量为 167.2 8～ 168.14kg/hm2 ,且 76.5 %作基肥深施 。

The experiment in the effect of different amounts and methods of N-fertilizer application on rice yield and its components was conducted. The results were as follow:by applying the suitable amount of nitrogen, and its components such as number of spikelet per panicle,1 000-grain weight and effective panicle markedly enhanced, and there was less effect on total number of seed. The best model was that fit proportion of N-fertilizer basal and top dressing at young panicle formation stage, which could obviously enhance yield, number of spikelet per panicle, and effectively adjust available panicle, but less effect on 1 000-grain weight. The best model was total amount of N-fertilizer of 146.69-167.14kg/hm 2, 76.5% of which was used as basal fertilizer before plough and drag, and according to seedling growth, the rest was used.