以消化系统症状为首发表现的多发性骨髓瘤21例临床分析

Clinical analysis of 21 patients with multiple myeloma with digestive symptoms as initial manifestations.

目的 探讨消化道症状在多发性骨髓瘤诊断中的地位。方法 分析 2 1例以消化道症状为首发表现的多发性骨髓瘤 (MM)的初诊及伴发情况。结果 同期 16 8例MM患者中 2 1例以消化道症状为首发表现 ;2 1例中 5 0岁以下者 11例 ,并大部分伴有肝脾肿大 (9例 ) ;血细胞减少几乎见于所有病例 (19例 ) ,14例患者出现蛋白尿 ,12例患者表现有腹痛腹泻。结论 肝脾肿大、腹痛腹泻等消化系统表现不是MM诊断的主要特点 ,但却是常见的临床表现 ,尤其对发病年龄较轻的患者不容忽视 ;血细胞减少和蛋白尿同时出现是MM诊断的重要线索。

Objective To evaluate the diagnosis value of digestive tract clinical symptoms in multiple myeloma.Methods 21 patients with multiple myeloma with digestive tract symptoms as initial clinical manifestations were analyzed.Results In 21 patients,52% below 50 years(hepatomegaly and splenomegaly was 73%),abdominalgia and diarrhea,hematocytopenia,proteinuria were 57%,90% and 67%,respectively.Conclusion Digestive tract symptoms,especially hepatomegaly and splenomegaly,occur mostly in younger patients.Hematocytopenia and proteinuria are important clue in diagnosis of multiple myeloma.Digestive tract symptoms are the common clinical manifestations,but not chief clinical features in multiple myeloma.