恩丹西酮和/或氟哌啶预防术后硬膜外自控镇痛病人恶心呕吐的临床观察

THE CLINICAL OBSERVATION OF PREVENTION OF NAUSEA AND VOMITING BY ONDANSETRON AND/OR DROPERIDOL IN PATIENTS USING PCEA POSTOPERATIVELY

目的 :观察不同剂量的恩丹西酮 ,尤其是小剂量恩丹西酮和氟哌啶伍用对术后及使用硬膜外自控镇痛 ( PCEA)病人恶心呕吐的预防和治疗作用。方法 :选择择期上腹部手术病人 1 2 0例 ,均采用硬膜外麻醉。将所有病人随机双盲法分为三组 ,每组 40例。 A组单用恩丹西酮 8mg,B组恩丹西酮 4mg+氟哌啶 5 mg,C组为对照组用 0 .9% NS。三组的药物分别加入 PCEA药盒与 PCEA药同时注入硬膜外腔。观察术后 48h内使用 PCEA病人恶心呕吐例数及其持续时间。结果 :A、B两组均明显低于 C组 ( P<0 .0 1 ) ,A、B两组间比较无显著性差异 ( P>0 .0 5 )。结论 :恩丹西酮可有效预防术后恶心呕吐发生 。

Objective:To observe the prophylacticotherapeutic effect of different doses,especially small doses of ondasetron and/or droperidol on nausea and vomiting in postoperative patients using patient controlled epidural analgesiac(PCEA).Methods:120 patients with epigastric operation under epidural anesthesia were selected and randomly divided into three groups,A,B,and C,forty patients each group.Group A was given 8 mg of ondansetron alone,group B 4 mg of ondansetron plus 5 mg of droperidol,and group C NS,which were mixed with PCEA,and then injected into epidural cavity.The number of cases and the sustained time of nausea and vomiting were observed.Results:There was a significant difference in vomiting among the three groups with the incidence of groups A and B being lower than that of group C( P <0 01).There was no difference between groups A and B( P >0 05) Conclusion:The effect of large dose of ondasetron was compared to that of small dose of ondasetron combined with droppridol in prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting.