大山雀巢区、雏鸟生长和种群生物生产量

The Homerange, Growth of the Nestling and Biomass Production of Breeding Population of Great Tit

1987～1989年在浙江省江山市西山对大山雀进行巢区、雏鸟生长和繁殖种群生物生产量的研究。1987～1989年大山雀平均繁殖密度为0.463只/hm^2,巢区面积0.129hm^2。刚孵出雏鸟体长29.40mm,体重1.22g.双亲育雏,每天73～117次,育雏期16～17d,雏鸟日体重增长0.95g(0.21～1.61g,N=155),8日龄最高可达1.61g。离巢幼鸟体重为刚孵出时的11.4倍,体长为2.9倍。根据Ricklefs方程,增长率K为0.412,t_(10～90)为10.9d,拐点6.74d,渐近线13.78g,方程式为W=13.78/1+e^(-0.412(t-6.74))。雏鸟干重与鲜重关系式为W_d=0.146W_f^(1.257),体长与体重关系式为L=25.128+3.775W.每枚卵体积为1452.78mm^3。1987～1989年产卵与雏鸟生长的总生物生产量分别为0.76492kg/km^2和2.99990kg/km^2,均比吉林省为低。本文对影响生物生产量的原因也进行了讨论。

This study was done in Mt. West Jiang suburb Zhejiang Province during the spring and summer of 1987～1989. The mean breeding density of great tit in the stands with nestboxes was 0.463 pair/hm2, and the area of homerange was found to be 0.129 hm2. The young at the time of hatching averaged 29.40 mm in body length and l.22g in body weight. In feeding the young both the male and female made a total of 73～117 visits to the nest per day. The period of feeding the young lasted 16～17 days. During this period, the mean body weight of the young usually increased by 0.95g (0.21～1.61, N=155) every day and increased to the maximum value of 1.61g at the 8th day. The fledged young increased to 11.4 times in weight and 2.9 times in length, as compared with the young at the time of hatching. According to Richlefs equation the growth rate K was 0.412, t10～90= 10.9 days, point of inflection 6.74 days, asymptote 13.78g, and logistic equation W=13.78/1+e-0.412( -6.74). The relationship between length and weight could be expressed in the following formula: L=25.128+3.775W (r = 0.97), and relationship between fresh weight and dry weight: W= 0.146 Wf1..257 (r=0.99). The volume of an egg was 1452.78 mm in the light of Hoyts formula (V=0.51LB2). The biomass productions of breeding population of great tit in 1987 were 0.764 92kg/km2 and in 1989 2.999 90kg/km2, and both were lower than Jilin.