试论企业集团产生和发展的动因

The Nature of the Enterprise Group

自20世纪80年代以来,我国学者对企业集团的理论建设进行了一些有益探讨,但是他们大都没有跳出科斯的交易成本分析框架。交易成本分析实际上只是一种静态分析方法,仅能在既定条件下分析各商业交易主体的哪些商业交易应当选用企业集团内部市场来组织、哪些商业交易又应当选用企业外部市场来组织或企业内部市场来组织,但无法揭示在动态条件下企业集团产生和发展的深层原因,因而使用这一分析框架所得出的结论都不可避免地带有一定的局限性。如果将垄断和竞争因素以及专业化因素引入交易成本分析框架,就能较好地理解企业集团的产生和发展。

Since 1980s some scholars have done some researches on the nature of the enterprise group in the frame of transaction cost founded by Ronald H. Coase.The frame of transaction cost is nothing but a static method, so it can be only used to analyze which commercial transactions should be organized by the internal market of an enterprise group, which should be organized by the external market of an enterprise and/or an enterprise group, and which should be organized by the internal market of an enterprise in a static state. It can not be used to analyze the nature of the enterprise group in a dynamic state.Accordingly, the conclusions drawn from the frame of transaction cost have their limitations. If the factors of monopoly, competition and specialization are introduced into the frame of transaction cost,we may have a better understanding of the nature of the enterprise group.