大麦不同基因型体细胞无性系二代的性状变异

Character variation in the regenerants (R2) of differed genotypes in barley

选用二棱大麦14个基因型的未成熟胚进行离体培养,获得了全部基因型的再生植株,对其自交后代(R_2)的性状变异进行了研究,结果表明,14个基因型叶绿素缺失的变异频率平均为2.62％,以浅绿类型为主;10个基因型抽穗期和株高的变异频率平均分别为7.61％和6.51％,大部分为晚抽穗和矮秆变异,不同基因型间性状的变异频率有显著差异,如叶绿素缺失变异频率从1.02％到10.33％,抽穗期从2.09％到20.46％,株高从1.88％到13.43％;而不同基因型在叶绿素缺失的类型及抽穗期和株高的变异趋向上亦有完全不同的表现,说明基因型对大麦体细胞无性系二代性状的变异频率与趋向均有明显的影响。

Using immature embryos as explants,regenerated plants(R1)were obtained for all the 14 genotypes of barley cultured.Variation of the second somaclonal generation(R2)was studied.The average frequencies of various genotypes in chlorophy,heading dale and plant height were 2.62%,7.61% and 6.51% respctively.Most ehlorophy-deficient variants were riridis.For heading date and plant height,most genotypes had an obivious tendency to become later and shorter.Variation frequencies among genotypes were significantly different for all the 3 characters.For example,chlorophy variation frequencies were from 1.02% lo 10.33%,heading date from 2.09% to 20.46% and plant height from 1.88% lo 13.43%.It was also found that there were much differences among genotypes for chlorophy-deficient type,variaion tendencies of heading date and plant height,showing that genotype had a great influence on the variation frequency and direction of the R2 generation.