摘要
水体中的^(134)Cs很容易被土壤和矿物所吸附。矿物的吸附能力比土壤强。^(134)Cs在水体中的消失和土壤、矿物对^(134)Cs的吸附都遵循一级反应动力学模式,即,呈指数回归形式。^(134)Cs在土壤中的移动很小,95％的^(134)Cs集中在 0～2 cm的表土中,淋溶水中的^(134)Cs只占加入总量的 0.1％以下。土壤对^(134)Cs的吸附能力与土壤的质地、pH和有机质含量有关。粉粒和粘粒的含量越高,pH值越低,有机质含量越高,则土壤对^(134)Cs的吸附能力越强,反之越弱。青紫泥对^(134)Cs的吸附能力最强,净化水体中^(134)Cs的效果最好,红壤强于小粉土,江涂土相对比较弱。但无论那一种土壤,只要控制一定的土/水比,都能有效地去除水体中的^(134)Cs。当然矿物是更好的净化剂。
134Cs is easily adsorbed by soil and mineral. Adsorption capacity of mineral is stronger than that of soil. The decline of 134Cs in aqueous phase follows an exponential regression function. So does the adsorption of 134Cs in soils and minerals. The migration distance of 134Cs in soil is very small. 95% radioactivity of 134Cs is concentrated in the surface soil, and there is only 0.1% in the leachate. The adsorption capacity of 134Cs in soil is related to the texture, pH and organic matter of soil. The higher the content of the farinose and the clay particle, (he lower the pH value, the higher the content of the organic matter, the stronger is the adsorption capacity of 134Cs in soil. Adsorption capacity of farinose clay is the strongest therefore it can be used to purge aqueous phase of 134Cs. It is only necessary to control soil/water weight ratio, 134Cs will be efficiently purged in aqueous phase. Of course, minerals are excellent purification agent of 134Cs.
