人在海拔5380m高原进行体力活动时耗氧量及血氧饱和度的观察

The changes of oxygen consumption and blood oxygen saturation during physical activities at 5 380 m altitude

目的 探讨高海拔低氧环境影响人体劳动能力的因素 ,为提高高原劳动功效提供理论依据。 方法 受试者坐于踏车功量机上 ,以 6 0 r/ m连续蹬车 ,每 3min递增 2 5 W,蹬车至力竭时停止 ,用心电图机记录每个负荷末期 5 s的心率 (HR) ,用 O2 - CO2 气体测定仪及掌式血氧仪分析每个负荷最后 30 min的 O2 和 CO2 含量及动脉血氧饱和度 (Sa O2 ) ,计算耗氧量 (VO2 )和氧脉搏 (VO2 / HR)。 结果 HR在 10 0～ 170次 / m in时 ,VO2 随 HR的增加而呈线性增加 (y=- 0 .2 184 +0 .0 0 77x,r= 0 .975 9,P<0 .0 1) ;HR为 10 0～ 130次 / m in时 ,VO2 / HR也随 HR增加而增加 ;HR增加到 14 0～170次 / min时 ,VO2 / HR不但不增加反而减少 ,Sa O2 亦随 VO2 的增加而减少。 结论 高原低氧环境增加了人体生理负荷 。

Objective To explore the mechanism of lowering of work capacity at high altitude, So as to provide theoretical basis for improving work efficacy. Methods Twenty four soldiers from plain area newly coming to 5 380 m altitude served as subjects. They were asked to pedal the bicycle ergometer about 60 rpm, and the resistance was progressively increased by 25 W per 3 min up to exhaustion. Their heart rate (HR), arterial oxygen saturation (SaO 2), the expiratory content of O 2 and CO 2 were recorded and the oxygen consumption (VO 2) as well as VO 2/HR calculated. Results The VO 2 was positively correlated with the HR which fluctuated between 100 to 170 beat/min (=-0.218 4+0.007 7x, r=0.975 9, P <0.01). VO 2/HR was increased with the HR fluctuated between 100 and 130 beat/min, but when the HR increased to 140~170 beat/min, the VO 2/HR became decreased with the increase of HR. SaO 2 was decreased with the increase of VO 2. Conclusion Compared with that at sea level, the physiological load at high altitude was increased. So the intensity of physical activities should be controlled. It is suggested that the desirable HR during physical activity at 5 380 m altitude should be 130 beat/min.