运输需求管理的思想、方法及实施的基本内容

The Ideas, Measures and Application of Transportation Demand Management

运输需求管理 (TDM )在发达国家已得到重视并开始实施 ,并成为解决目前交通问题的有效措施 ,我国存在同样的交通问题 ,需要引入TDM管理思想 .介绍了国外采取的措施及取得的成果 ,提出了我国TDM的措施和引入TDM思想的初步做法 .

There are two approaches in the transportation policy against each other in the present circumstance. One is the conventional approach that a plan should be made following the traffic demand and the other is the approach of Transportation Demand Management (TDM) that the traffic demand should and can be controlled by the policy. The former proves effective when the demand of traffic can be satisfied by the traffic supply as the construction of road and the improvement of traffic facilities under the environmental limits. However, as the dependence on the car becomes much heavier in the developed country, the demand for the traffic supply cannot be met by the limited supply of the traffic system. The TDM proves indispensable in moderating congestion and the protection of environment in some developed countries. This paper reviews some of the findings of the TDM implemented in some developed countries in order to take advantage of the measures or ideas of TDM to influence the policy and the traffic planning decision in our country. Some primary ideas or approaches to apply TDM to our country are presented for further discussions.