三种无尾两栖类C带、Ag—NORs比较研究及其细胞分类学探讨

A Comparative Investigation of C—bands and Ag—NORs from Three Amphibian Species, with Prelimtnary Discussion on the Cytotaxonomy of These Genus

本文通过BSG显带法及一种简单的银染色技术,研究了三种蛙(花臭蛙,棘胸蛙和大录蛙)的C带带型和Ag—NORs,并对其细胞分类学进行初步探讨。结果表明:(1) 在近缘种分化中,染色体结构异染色质的变化和非同源染色体间易位是重要的因素之一,而易位主要表现于花臭蛙;(2) C带分析表明,花臭蛙较特化,它与棘胸蛙的亲缘关系较近,而与大录蛙的亲缘关系较远;(3) 花臭蛙,大录蛙的标准Ag—NORs位于NO.10染色体的次缢痕区,这同已报道过的一些近缘种相似,说明NO.10染色体的次缢痕及其Ag—NORs为蛙属中多数近缘种核型的共同特征之一。

C—bands and Ag—NORs of three Amphibian species(Rana spinosa, R. livida and R. schinackeri)were studed by mean of BSG technique and a quicksimple Ag—NORs staining method. Using comparative analysis of C—banding and Ag—NORs, we preliminarily discussed cytotaxonomic relationship of these genus. Results indicated: (1) In defferentiation of closely related species, the changes in beterochromatin and translocation are key factors, translocation is well-noted in No. 2, 5 chromosomes of R. schinackeri; (2) R. schinackeri is relatively more specialized among three species Rana. The kinship of R. schinackeri and R. spinosa is closer, and their relatiorship with R. livida is further; (3) Like most other members of the gerus Rara, Ag—NORs of R. livida and R. schinackeri are observed at a position of the secondary constriction on the long arms of chromsomes 10, this is ore of the common features in most closely related species of Rana.