严羽“气象”、“兴趣”说辨识

An Identification of Yan Yu's Comment on Poetry: Theories of Aesthetic Spirit and Aesthetic Delight

“气象”说和“兴趣”说在严羽的诗论中既是诗评概念 ,又是诗法概念。作为诗评概念 ,体现着严羽对汉魏盛唐诗的独特理解 ;作为诗法概念 ,体现着严羽的审美理想和艺术追求。严羽从盛唐诗人审美感情的发动与表现中领受到了无穷的感染力 ,名之曰“兴趣”,把作为盛唐诗人审美感情之底蕴的进取情怀误解作胸怀境界的开拓 ,名之曰“气象”。将二者立为“诗之法”。

Summary: The significance of Yan Yu's theory on poetry is twofold: criticism and methodology. As criticism of poetry, it reflects Yan Yu's understanding and misunderstanding of the poetry of the Han, the Wei and the Tang in its prosperous times. As the methodology of writing poetry, it reflects his ideal aesthetics and the art he pursued. Yan Yu received the aesthetic sense from the poets in the great Tang dynasty in their works and their personal performance, of which he called it Xingqu (aesthetic delight); and he took the inner secret of the aesthetic sense, which the poets in the great Tang dynasty carried themselves up and coming, as the mind reclaimed and called it Qixiang (aesthetic spirit). These were Yan Yu's 'The Way to Poetry' embodying his sense of aesthetic culture directing the one to render himself lifting in mind and transcending in cognition.