从《红楼梦》《儿女英雄传》看“给”对“与”的取代

A Study on the Replacement of "YU" by "GEI" Based on Their Occurrences in A Dream of Red Mansions and The Heroic Offspring

在对《红楼梦》和《儿女英雄传》里出现的 2 0 95例“给”字句 ,和可与“给”字互换的 5 6 8例“与”字句进行分类统计分析的基础上 ,论述了“给”对“与”的取代原因。认为“与”在动词介词中表现疲弱 ,而“给”的表现则很强劲 ;“与”在弱化了的动词中表现亦不如“给”。这使得“与”在各方面都丧失了与“给”的竞争力 ,最终被“给”取代。

Based on a statistical analysis of the 2095 sentences containing 'GEI' and 568 sentences containing 'YU' that are interchangeable with the former structure appeared in A Dream of Red Mansions and The Heroic Offspring , the paper presents an all round explanation of the replacement of 'YU' by 'GEI'. It is found that when used as either a verb or a preposition YU is less forceful in expression than GEI; and it's the same case with YU and GEI when used as weakened verbs. Thus YU can't compete with GEI in all aspects and has to be replaced with GEI in the end.