无罪推定原则的意义解读——一种诉讼法哲学分析

An Analysis of Presumption of Innocence Doctrine——from the Perspective of Procedural Jurisprudence

无罪推定已经成为现代国家的一项刑事诉讼法原则乃至宪法原则。无罪推定在各国立法例中虽然有肯定式和否定式两种表述方式 ,但其基本内涵却是相同的 ,即 :任何人在没有充分证据证明并由法院判决确定有罪之前 ,应作为无罪公民对待。作为一种关于正义的规范性命题 ,无罪推定原则具有内在的基本特征和诉讼程序规则 ,具有深厚的社会哲学基础和重要的政治法律意义。在建设社会主义法治国家进程中 ,无罪推定原则的进一步发展与完善 ,成为当代中国刑事诉讼法制现代化的迫切需要和时代课题。

The presumption of innocence has become a criminal procedural principle, even a constitutional principle in modern countries. Though the presumption of innocence in the legislations of different countries are defined in two patterns, that is, affirmative pattern and negative pattern ,the basic denotations of the two patterns are the same, that is, a person should be presumed to be innocent until he or she is proved guilty with sufficient evidence and convicted by a court judgment. As a legal proposition, the presumption of innocence has its inherent characteristics and important political and legal functions, with its root deeply imbedded in social philosophy. In the process of establishing socialist country under the principle of rule of law, the problem of further developing the presumption of innocence doctrine has become an urgent need and an important task for the modernization of criminal procedural law in China.